Sodium citrate (Trisodium citrate, CAS 68-04-2)

Sodium citrate, also known as trisodium citrate, is a trisodium salt of citric acid. Sodium citrate exists in its anhydrous, dihydrate, or pentahydrate forms. Of these forms, the anhydrous or dihydrate forms are prevalent. It is utilized in various laboratory and industrial applications due to its versatile reducing, pH regulating, and chelating properties. For instance, sodium citrate is used to maintain a stable pH level in solutions, making it useful in chemical reactions and analytical techniques that require regulated pH. In nanoparticle synthesis, sodium citrate is used as a reducing an/or capping agent. In cleaning circles, sodium citrate is used in phosphate-free liquid detergents and cleansers. In the oleochemical industries, sodium citrate is used as a biodegradable substitute for sodium phosphate in emulsifying for oils. Sodium citrate also serves as an additive in soaps, detergents, deodorants, industrial cleaners, etc.